/*
 * This file contains code from "C++ Primer, Fourth Edition", by Stanley B.
 * Lippman, Jose Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo, and is covered under the
 * copyright and warranty notices given in that book:
 * 
 * "Copyright (c) 2005 by Objectwrite, Inc., Jose Lajoie, and Barbara E. Moo."
 * 
 * 
 * "The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book,
 * but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no
 * responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for
 * incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the
 * use of the information or programs contained herein."
 * 
 * Permission is granted for this code to be used for educational purposes in
 * association with the book, given proper citation if and when posted or
 * reproduced.Any commercial use of this code requires the explicit written
 * permission of the publisher, Addison-Wesley Professional, a division of
 * Pearson Education, Inc. Send your request for permission, stating clearly
 * what code you would like to use, and in what specific way, to the following
 * address: 
 * 
 * 	Pearson Education, Inc.
 * 	Rights and Contracts Department
 * 	75 Arlington Street, Suite 300
 * 	Boston, MA 02216
 * 	Fax: (617) 848-7047
 */

#include <deque>
#include <stack>
#include <iostream>

using std::deque;
using std::stack;
using std::cout;
using std::cerr;
using std::endl;

int defined_stack() {
	// number of elements we'll put in our stack
	const stack<int>::size_type stk_size = 10;
	stack<int> intStack;  // empty stack

	// fill up the stack
	int ix = 0;
	while (intStack.size() != stk_size)
		// use postfix increment; want to push old value onto intStack
		intStack.push(ix++);   // intStack holds 0...9 inclusive

	int error_cnt = 0;
	// look at each value and pop it off the stack
	while (intStack.empty() == false) {
		int value = intStack.top();
		// read the top element of the stack
		if (value != --ix) {
			cerr << "oops! expected " << ix << " received " << value << endl;
			++error_cnt;
		}
		intStack.pop(); // pop the top element, and repeat
	}
	cout << "Our program ran with " << error_cnt << " errors!" << endl;

	return 0;
}

//int main(){
//	return defined_stack();
//}
